LIRRH Trial for the Right-sided Colon Cancer

Exclusion Criteria

• •History of hypertensive crisis or hypertensive encephalopathy.
• •Severe cardiopulmonary insufficiency or any other contraindication to surgery.
• •Uncorrectable electrolyte disturbances (e.g., potassium, calcium, magnesium).
• •Evidence of significant bleeding diathesis or high hemorrhagic risk:
• •Prior intracranial or intraspinal hemorrhage.
• •Tumor invading major vessels with obvious bleeding risk.
• •Thrombotic or embolic event within 6 months before study treatment, or significant vascular disease (e.g., surgical-repair aortic aneurysm).
• •Clinically relevant hemoptysis or tumor bleeding of any cause within 1 month before screening.
• •Therapeutic-dose anticoagulation within 2 weeks before study treatment (except low-molecular-weight heparin).
• •Antiplatelet therapy within 10 days before study treatment (e.g., aspirin \> 325 mg/day, clopidogrel \> 75 mg/day, dipyridamole, ticlopidine, cilostazol).
• •Active tuberculosis.
• •Any active autoimmune disease or history of autoimmune disease with expected recurrence (including but not limited to SLE, RA, autoimmune hepatitis, uveitis, enteritis, hepatitis, hypophysitis, vasculitis, nephritis, hyper- or hypothyroidism, asthma requiring bronchodilators).
• •Pre-operative evidence of synchronous multiple primary colorectal cancers or other conditions requiring additional bowel resection.
• •Pre-operative imaging or intra-operative findings showing:
• •Tumor infiltration into adjacent organs requiring multi-visceral resection;
• •Distant metastasis;
• •Unresectable (unable to achieve R0) disease.
• •Other malignancies within the past 5 years, or familial adenomatous polyposis; except cured carcinoma in situ of the cervix, basal-cell carcinoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, or cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma.
• •Intestinal obstruction, perforation, or bleeding requiring emergency surgery.
• •Patient unsuitable or unable to tolerate laparoscopic surgery.
• •Pregnant or lactating women.
• •History of psychiatric disorders precluding compliance.
• •Prior neoadjuvant therapy.
• •Multidisciplinary team (MDT) decision that the patient is not appropriate for the study.
• •Patient unable to understand the study conditions/objectives and refuses to give informed consent.