Construction and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for Secondary Vertebral Fracture in Patients With Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures After Percutaneous Vertebroplasty

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Incomplete imaging or medical record data;
• •2. History of spinal surgeries other than PVA;
• •3. Pre-existing symptoms of spinal cord compression or nerve root injury;
• •4. Patients undergoing PVA treatment due to conditions such as tumors, vascular malformations, infections, or symptomatic Schmorl's nodes;
• •5. Chronic conditions like Kummell's disease or non-union of old fractures;
• •6. Concurrent vertebral burst fractures;
• •7. Diagnosis of central nervous system diseases such as dementia or stroke before or during the follow-up period post-PVA procedure;
• •8. History of violent trauma after PVA procedure.