Treatment of Nonunion Fractures With Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs)

Nonunion (pseudoarthrosis) is one of the most serious complications of bone fracture. Even though different treatments have been used to repair nonunion bone defects, most of them have limitations, like morbidities, limited supply, frequent treatment failure, and high cost. Based on the knowledge that MSC have multipotential capacity of differentiation into bone, cartilage, fat, and endothelial cells, and also, play a key role in the process of bone formation and fracture repair. In this study, we evaluated the use the bone regeneration capacity of autologous or allogeneic BM-MSC, as a potential therapeutic strategy to induce formation of new bone tissue and fracture healing. A bioengineering construct, constituted by MSCs and a collagen scaffold, is incorporated into platelet rich plasma (PRP) clot, wich is implanted at the nonunion site defect.