Long-term Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training in Chronic Venous Insufficiency

The long-term effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training, which is known in the literature to help venous return by increasing the pump effect of the diaphragm muscle, remains unclear in individuals with chronic venous insufficiency. For this reason, in this study, it was aimed to investigate the long-term results of inspiratory muscle training in individuals with chronic venous insufficiency.

Initial treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) includes conservative methods such as reducing symptoms and helping to prevent secondary problems and disease progression. If conservative methods fail, further treatments based on anatomical and physiological pathophysiological features should be applied. Treatment of CVI ranges from simple compression stockings to very complicated venous reconstructions. Physiotherapy applications also have an important place in the treatment of CVI and contain patient education, complex decongestive physiotherapy, intermittent pneumatic compression, compression garment, venous exercise programs, biomechanical stimulation therapy, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, relaxation techniques and hydrotherapy methods. Researches investigating the effectiveness of new physiotherapy applications in CVI are very limited. In one of these publications, the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) and calf muscle exercise training (CMET) applied in addition to compression therapy (CT) on quality of life (QoL), venous filling time, disease severity, pain, edema, range of motion, muscle strength and functionality were investigated newly. IMT and CT were applied in group 1, CMET and CT were applied in group 2, and only CT was applied in group 3. As a result, groups of 1 and 2 showed more improvement in these outcomes compared to other groups. Acute effects of inspiratory muscle training in CVI was only shown in this study. The long-term effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training is still unclear in individuals with CVI. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the long-term results of inspiratory muscle training in individuals with CVI.