Elderberry for Immune Support

Exclusion Criteria

• •Current use of the following pharmaceuticals: immunosuppressants
• •Pregnancy, trying to conceive or breastfeeding
• •Organ transplant recipient
• •Known allergic reactions to elderberries
• •Positive COVID-19 test within 180 days of the study period
• •COVID vaccine of any type scheduled during the intervention period or the week prior to the start of the study
• •Receipt of 4+ COVID-19 vaccines
• •Current diagnosis or lifetime history of an autoimmune condition (including but not limited to Lupus, Addisons, Graves, Hypothyroidism, Multiple Sclerosis, or Type 1 Diabetes) OR cancer OR chronic kidney disease OR chronic liver disease OR chronic lung disease (i.e. COPD, pulmonary embolism) OR cystic fibrosis OR severe heart disease (i.e. heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy) OR HIV infection OR immunocompromised status OR sickle cell disease OR tuberculosis
• •Recent dramatic weight changes (10% change in body weight in the last 6 months)
• •Existing usage of a polyphenol-based supplement, including but not limited to elderberry, cranberry, bilberry, quercetin, or resveratrol.
• •Existing usage of an immune supporting supplement such as echinacea, probiotics, elderberry, or any other dietary supplements marketed as immune support.
• •Routine dietary consumption of high levels of polyphenols or anthocyanins as determined by dietary intake questionnaire.