Effectiveness of Antitussives, Anticholinergics and Honey Versus Usual Care in Adults With Acute Bronchitis.

This study, which is aimed at comparing the effectiveness of 3 symptomatic therapies (dextromethorphan, ipratropium and honey) associated with usual care and the usual care in adults with acute bronchitis, is a multicentre, pragmatic, parallel group, open randomised trial. Patients aged 18 or over with uncomplicated acute bronchitis, with cough \<3 weeks as the main symptom, scoring ≥ 4 in either daytime or nocturnal cough on a 7-point Likert scale, will be randomised to one of the 4 groups. Sample: 668 patients. The primary outcome will be the number of days with moderate-severe cough.

Despite the frequent use of therapies in acute bronchitis, encouraged by the over-the-counter availability in pharmacies, the evidence of their benefit is scarce, since only a few clinical trials have been published, with low sample sizes, poor methodological quality and mainly in children. The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of 3 symptomatic therapies (dextromethorphan, ipratropium and honey) associated with usual care and the usual care in adults with acute bronchitis. This will be a multicentre, pragmatic, parallel group, open randomised trial. Patients aged 18 or over with uncomplicated acute bronchitis, with cough for less than three weeks as the main symptom, scoring ≥ 4 in either daytime or nocturnal cough on a 7-point Likert scale, will be randomised to one of the following four groups: usual care, usual care + dextromethorphan 30 mg t.i.d., usual care + ipratropium bromide inhaler 20 µg 2 puffs t.i.d, or usual care + 30 mg (a spoonful) of honey t.i.d., all taken for up to 14 days. The exclusion criteria will be: pneumonia, criteria for hospital admission, pregnancy or lactation, concomitant pulmonary disease, associated significant comorbidity, allergy, intolerance or contraindication to any of the study drugs, admitted to a long-term residence, or inability to give informed consent. Sample: 668 patients. The primary outcome will be the number of days with moderate-severe cough in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population, i.e., the number of days from the randomisation visit until the last day the patient scores three or more in either daytime or nocturnal cough in the symptom diary. All patients will be given a symptom diary to be self-administered while symptoms are present. A second visit will be scheduled at day 2-3 for assessing evolution, with two more visits at days 15 and 29 for clinical assessment, evaluation of adverse effects, re-attendance and complications. Patients still with symptoms at day 29 will be called six weeks after the baseline visit.