Feasibility of Parathyroidectomy With Exploration of 4 Parathyroid Glands in Outpatients

The development of outpatient surgery has become a national priority, with the objective of an ambulatory surgery rate of around 50% in 2016, whereas this rate reached only 37.7% in 2010. In the context of the management of primary hyperparathyroidism, there are two possible approaches. The first, which is commonly performed on an outpatient basis, consists in approaching only the pathological gland, if it was first identified by scintigraphy and ultrasound (which is the case in one patient in two), without exploring the others parathyroid glands. The reference technique consists in exploring the 4 parathyroid sites by transverse cervicotomy. Although more invasive, it minimizes the risk of failure due to the lack of knowledge of multi-glandular forms of the disease (15 to 20%), whose preoperative diagnosis is difficult. This reference technique is poorly performed on an outpatient basis while it lends itself to this type of management because of the superficial character of the operative site, a short operating time, moderate postoperative pain, rapid return oral nutrition and exceptional and early serious complications (delay \<24 h for cervical hematoma, \<24 h for hypocalcemia and immediate diagnosis of recurrent palsy). In this study, the investigators hypothesize that parathyroidectomy with 4-gland parathyroid exploration is feasible by ensuring patient safety. The investigators also believe that outpatient management will not lead to any difference after 3-month surgery, but will reduce hospitalization costs while increasing patient satisfaction with conventional care. To do so, the investigators carried out an observational cohort study of patients with an indication of parathyroidectomy wo will undergo outpatient management or conventional management (stay overnight in hospital) to inform all of these data.