Cabazitaxel and Prednisone in Treating Patients With Metastatic Hormone-Resistant Prostate Cancer

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To test whether men with a poor initial response to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) have a better front line therapeutic response to cabazitaxel as compared to historical controls of frontline metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) therapy with abiraterone or enzalutamide. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version (v)1.1 response rate, progression free survival (PFS) by Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 2 (PCWG2) criteria, and overall survival (OS). II. To evaluate safety and toxicity profile of cabazitaxel in patients with CRPC. TERTIARY OBJECTIVES: I. To collect serum and tumor tissue samples for molecular markers or signature predictive of cabazitaxel benefit (to include status of androgen receptor \[AR\] pathway, androgen biosynthetic pathway genes, adenosine triphosphate \[ATP\]-binding cassette sub-family B member 1 \[ABCBI\], multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 \[MRP1\], and other mediators of taxane resistance). OUTLINE: Patients receive cabazitaxel intravenously (IV) over 1 hour on day 1 and prednisone orally (PO) twice daily (BID) on days 1-21. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 3 months for 2 years.