The Role of Echocardiographic Contrast (Optison) in Enhancing Tricuspid Regurgitation Spectral Doppler Signals

The investigators aim to correlate noninvasive pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) measurements obtained with and without echocardiographic contrast (Optison) during transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) with those obtained invasively and simultaneously during right heart catheterization, as the gold standard.

In the United States, pulmonary hypertension (PHT) is an increasingly recognized cause of morbidity and mortality. Echocardiography, due to its widespread use, versatility, portability, noninvasive nature, and safety, is routinely used as the primary method for diagnosis and evaluation of these patients. However, in this very cohort, its accuracy is frequently compromised by poor acoustic windows. The use of echocardiographic contrast (EC) in such patients may increase diagnostic accuracy, eliminate the need for performing more invasive, time-consuming, and expensive tests, and eliminate potential diagnostic and management errors. Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure (PASP) is routinely measured noninvasively with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) by obtaining the tricuspid regurgitant velocity (TRV) with continuous wave spectral Doppler and applying the modified Bernoulli equation. The investigators aim to use the FDA approved perflutren-based EC agent Optison to augment inadequate TR CW spectral Doppler envelopes and determine if the TRV and PASP measurements obtained with the use of Optison correlate better with the invasive measurements obtained simultaneously during right heart catheterization as opposed to those measurements obtained without the use of EC.