Measuring G Protein-coupled Receptor Kinase-2 (GRK2) in the Blood to Diagnose and Treat Patients With Heart Failure

Inclusion Criteria

• •Normal Controls: Individuals without HF, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease or obesity;
• •Group I: Symptomatic Subjects with Reduced LV Function, HF symptoms, EF ≤ 40%.
• •Group II: Asymptomatic Patients with LV dysfunction, no HF symptoms (NYHA class I and ATS score 0 or 1, EF ≤ 40%.
• •Group III: Symptomatic Subjects with Preserved LV Function, HF symptoms, EF ≥ 50%, and diastolic dysfunction.
• •Group IV: Asymptomatic High Risk Subjects - Individuals with normal heart function, no HF symptoms (NYHA class I and ATS score 0 or 1), Preserved LV function (EF ≥ 50%), no diastolic dysfunction. Also possess one or more cardiovascular high risk factors: diagnosis of diabetes; hyperlipidemia; coronary artery disease; renal insufficiency; hypertension; age \>70 years