International Multicenter Patent foRamen OVale & strokE (IMPROVE) Registry

Inclusion Criteria

• •Age ≥18 years
• •Ischemic stroke or TIA within 5 years and 1 year before inclusion in the registry. Patients with cerebrovascular events occurred within one year before the inclusion in the registry should be part of the prospective cohort.
• •* Ischemic stroke is defined as:
• •* focal neurological deficit of central origin lasting ≥24 hours -except for death within 24hrs- with or without imaging confirmation of cerebral infarction; or
• •* focal neurological deficit of central origin lasting \<24 hours with corresponding imaging evidence of cerebral infarction; or
• •* focal neurological deficit of central origin lasting \<24 hours in patients receiving IV thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy with or without imaging confirmation of cerebral infarction; or
• •* non-focal encephalopathy lasting more than 24 hours -except for death within 24hrs- with imaging evidence of cerebral infarction; or
• •* acute and permanent retinal ischemia of arterial origin.
• •* TIA is defined as:
• •* focal neurological deficit of central origin lasting \<24 hours without corresponding imaging evidence of cerebral infarction in patients not receiving IV thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy.
• •Confirmed patent foramen ovale.